Cultivation of edible fungi

The site should be far away from livestock farms, garbage dumps, chemical plants and places with a large number of people, and should have convenient transportation, sufficient water and clean and pollution-free. Outdoor cultivation, should choose fertile soil, loose, convenient drainage and irrigation, not polluted by industrial and mining enterprises. The cultivation methods of edible fungi and pest control were sorted out in detail.

Cultivation management

1. Select a strain

Appropriate cultivation types and varieties should be selected according to the local climate characteristics. Aging or contaminated strains should not be used. Robust, high-quality and disease-resistant strains should be selected.

2. Fine management

Pay attention to the hygiene of raw materials, bacteria bags and tools. Waste should not be piled near the cultivation room and must be composted at high temperature before use. The old and new bacteria bags in the cultivation room must be stored separately, never mixed, in order to achieve strict sterilization and disinfection, in order to prevent vaccination infection and various secondary infections. After each mushroom picking, mushroom roots, rotted mushrooms and mushroom bodies falling on the ground should be removed from the cultivation materials, and mushroom houses should be cleaned and disinfected in time.

3. Scientific bacteria breeding

For different kinds of edible fungi, the temperature, humidity, light and pH value of the culture room should be scientifically regulated according to their requirements for growth and development conditions, and ventilation should be appropriate to promote the robust growth of mycelia and prevent the adverse environment of high temperature and humidity. Strict control should be carried out in each link of bacteria selection, culture material ratio, pile fermentation, inoculation and mushroom production management. Cultivate robust mycelium and fruiting bodies to enhance their resistance to disease.

Step 4 Fertilize

Spray peptone, yeast extract solution, can make mushroom body thickening, promote tide; Spray decomposed human excrement, after spraying, can be sprayed again with clean water; Spray rice vinegar. In the middle and late growth period of Pingru, spraying the mushroom surface with 300 times edible rice vinegar once a day 1-3 days before harvesting can generally increase the yield by 6% and make the color whiter. Spraying culture leaching solution can prolong the peak of fruiting and make fruiting body fat. Spray glucose, calcium carbonate solution, can promote mycelium growth.

5. Water management

The mushroom house should always be well ventilated, and the relative humidity of the air should not exceed 95%. When the natural temperature reaches 16 C, water the border once and then once a day in the morning, middle, and evening. Spray water as far as possible into the space and the ground, do not spray on the fruiting body. It is best to spray warm water with sun during the cold season.

6. Temperature management

It is best to control the temperature of mushroom shed at 10℃ - 18℃. When the temperature is low, the time of direct sunlight should be extended during the day and the curtain should be covered strictly at night. When the temperature is higher, the grass curtain is covered during the day and lifted at night.

7. Ventilation management

When the temperature is higher, it is necessary to open the straw curtain for ventilation for 2-3 hours every day. Increase ventilation before and after spraying water in the morning and evening, less ventilation during mushroom bud differentiation and more ventilation during mushroom bud growth.

8. Lighting management

The mushroom bud should have stable scattered light during its growth period, adhere to airing 1-2 hours in the morning and evening every day, increase the direct light of weak light, and avoid direct light of strong light during the mushroom emergence period.

Pest control

Edible fungus itself has weak resistance to pests, and is not easy to control once it occurs. We should adhere to the principle of prevention first and comprehensive control, mainly through the selection of disease-resistant varieties, physical control, biological control and strengthening cultivation management, etc.

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